![]() ![]() Schwarz and Clore found that the participants reported better moods and greater well-being on sunny days than they did on rainy days. During the course of the interview, the participants were asked to report on their current mood states and also on their general well-being. Furthermore, they varied the day on which they made the calls, such that some of the participants were interviewed on sunny days and some were interviewed on rainy days. ![]() Norbert Schwarz and Gerald Clore (1983) called participants on the telephone, pretending that they were researchers from a different city conducting a survey. Mood states are also powerful determinants of our current judgments about our well-being. For example, Ito, Chiao, Devine, Lorig, and Cacioppo (2006) found that people who were smiling were also less prejudiced. Don’t new places also often seem better when you visit them in a good mood? The influences of mood on our social cognition even seem to extend to our judgments about ideas, with positive mood linked to more positive appraisals than neutral mood (Garcia-Marques, Mackie, Claypool & Garcia-Marques, 2004). Positive moods may even help to reduce negative feelings toward others. The chances are that you made more positive evaluations than you did when you met a person when you were feeling bad (Clore, Schwarz, & Conway, 1993). Think back to a time when you were in a positive mood when you were introduced to someone new versus a time you were in a negative mood. For example, whatever current mood we are experiencing can influence our judgments of people we meet. There is abundant evidence that our social cognition is strongly influenced by our affective states. Indeed, researchers have long been interested in the complex ways in which our thoughts are shaped by our feelings, and vice versa (Oatley, Parrott, Smith, & Watts, 2011). ![]() In reality, though, these cognitive influences do not operate in isolation from our feelings, or affect. This chapter is about social cognition, and so it should not be surprising that we have been focusing, so far, on cognitive phenomena, including schemas and heuristics, that affect our social judgments. Outline important findings in relation to our affective forecasting abilities.Explore the relationship between positive cognition, affect, and behaviors.Review the role that strategies, including cognitive reappraisal, can play in successful self-regulation.Outline mechanisms through which our social cognition can alter our affective states, for instance, through the mechanism of misattribution of arousal.Describe important ways in which our affective states can influence our social cognition, both directly and indirectly, for example, through the operation of the affect heuristic. ![]()
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